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left: 50%; width: 70px; height: 70px; padding: 10px; border-radius: 50%; position: absolute; transform: translate(-50%, -50%); background: rgba(250, 250, 255, 0.6); } .app-loader .loading { width: 50px; height: 50px; border-radius: 100%; display: inline-block; border: solid 2px var(--ws-color-primary); border-top-color: var(--ws-color-second); } @media screen and (max-width: 1200px) { .wrapper { max-width: 100%; padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px; } } @media screen and (max-width: 992px) { .wrapper { padding-left: 15px; padding-right: 15px; } } @media screen and (max-width: 767px) { .wrapper { padding-left: 15px; padding-right: 15px; } } @media screen and (max-width: 480px) { } @media screen and (max-width: 360px) { }
Văn phòng chính : 131 Nguyễn Minh Hoàng, P.12, Q.Tân Bình, TP.HCM
Rủi ro khi chuyển hàng đi Đức mà bạn cần biết Rủi ro khi chuyển hàng đi Đức thường đến từ quãng đường vận chuyển khá lớn, phải trải qua nhiều giai đoạn kiểm tra nghiêm ngặt nên khi gửi hàng có thể dẫn đến nhiều trường hợp như đến muộn, hư hỏng, thậm chí thất lạc, mất mát,…Dưới đây là những rủi ro và cách hạn chế Helen Express đã tổng hợp mà bạn nên biết để chuyển hàng đi Germany an toàn nhé.
Rủi ro khi chuyển hàng đi Đức phổ biến Chi phí hải quan cao Một trong những rủi ro lớn nhất khi vận chuyển hàng hóa sang Đức đó là chi phí hải quan cao. Cụ thể, khi xuất khẩu sang Đức, người gửi hàng sẽ phải chịu các loại thuế và phí sau:
Thuế nhập khẩu: mức thuế dao động từ 0-14% tùy sản phẩm Thuế VAT: 19% Phí thông quan: khoảng 40-60 EUR/lô hàng Ngoài ra còn có thể phát sinh thêm các loại phí về kiểm dịch, cấp phép nhập khẩu và vận chuyển nội địa. Chi phí hải quan cao sẽ ảnh hưởng trực tiếp đến lợi nhuận của người xuất khẩu.
Rủi ro hàng hóa bị hư hỏng Hàng hóa xuất khẩu đi đường dài từ Việt Nam sang Đức sẽ phải trải qua nhiều cung đường vận chuyển khác nhau. Do đó, rủi ro hàng hóa bị hư hỏng trong quá trình vận chuyển hàng là điều khó tránh khỏi.
Một số nguyên nhân dẫn đến hàng hóa bị hư hỏng trong quá trình vận chuyển đi Đức bao gồm:
Bị va đập, xóc nảy mạnh khi di chuyển giữa các phương tiện vận tải Điều kiện bảo quản kém trong kho, container Bao bì đóng gói không đảm bảo Thiên tai, thời tiết cực đoan Hàng hóa bị hư hỏng sẽ không thể giao cho người nhận hoặc bị phạt vì không đạt tiêu chuẩn. Điều này gây thiệt hại lớn cho nhà xuất khẩu.
Thủ tục hải quan phức tạp Thủ tục hải quan khi gửi hàng vào Đức đòi hỏi rất nhiều giấy tờ và quy trình nghiêm ngặt. Các loại giấy tờ cần thiết bao gồm:
Hóa đơn thương mại Vận đơn đường biển/đường hàng không Giấy chứng nhận xuất xứ hàng hóa Các chứng chỉ về kiểm dịch, tiêu chuẩn hàng hóa Quy trình này mất nhiều thời gian và chi phí cho việc dịch thuật, công chứng các loại giấy tờ. Nhiều đơn hàng bị trễ do phải hoàn thiện giấy tờ phức tạp. Do đó, người xuất khẩu cần chuẩn bị đầy đủ giấy tờ và làm quen với quy trình để đảm bảo diễn ra thuận lợi.
Khó khăn khi đòi bồi thường thiệt hại Khi hàng hóa xuất khẩu bị mất hoặc hư hỏng, người gửi hàng có thể yêu cầu công ty vận chuyển đền bù. Tuy nhiên, quá trình này ở Đức lại khá phức tạp.
Các công ty vận chuyển hàng thường tìm cách tránh trách nhiệm bồi thường bằng các điều khoản trong hợp đồng gửi hàng. Họ có thể đổ lỗi cho các bên liên quan khác như hãng tàu, cảng, hay nhà kho.
Thời gian đòi bồi thường cũng kéo dài, phức tạp với nhiều giấy tờ và cơ quan liên quan. Vì vậy, người gửi hàng cần cân nhắc kỹ các điều khoản bảo hiểm để hạn chế rủi ro mất mát.
Rủi ro do thay đổi chính sách Chính sách và quy định xuất nhập khẩu của Đức thường xuyên thay đổi. Các thay đổi chính sách có thể ảnh hưởng đến hoạt động gửi hàng đi Germany của doanh nghiệp.
Một số rủi ro do thay đổi chính sách bao gồm:
Thuế nhập khẩu và các loại phí hải quan tăng Quy định về xuất xứ, nhãn mác, kiểm dịch thắt chặt Hạn ngạch nhập khẩu bị thu hẹp Chính sách thay đổi mà không thông báo trước khiến doanh nghiệp khó chủ động. Vì vậy, cần thường xuyên cập nhật để điều chỉnh kế hoạch xuất khẩu phù hợp.
Rào cản ngôn ngữ Ngôn ngữ chính thức ở Đức là tiếng Đức. Tiếng Anh được sử dụng rộng rãi trong kinh doanh nhưng không phải ai cũng thành thạo.
Ngôn ngữ khác biệt sẽ gây khó khăn trong giao tiếp, đàm phán và ký kết hợp đồng với đối tác Đức. Các văn bản, hợp đồng cần dịch sang tiếng Đức chuẩn mới có giá trị pháp lý. Do đó, doanh nghiệp gửi hàng cần chuẩn bị nhân sự có trình độ ngoại ngữ tốt hoặc sử dụng dịch vụ dịch thuật chuyên nghiệp.
Khác biệt văn hóa kinh doanh Người Đức rất coi trọng đúng giờ, kỷ luật và tính chuyên nghiệp trong kinh doanh. Họ khá thẳng thắn và trực tiếp.
Mặt khác, phong cách kinh doanh của người Việt Nam lại mang đậm nét văn hóa Á Đông với sự nhún nhường và úp mở.
Văn hóa kinh doanh khác biệt có thể dẫn đến hiểu lầm và ảnh hưởng tiêu cực đến mối quan hệ hợp tác. Do đó, cần tìm hiểu kỹ tập quán và thói quen để điều chỉnh phong cách phù hợp.
Cạnh tranh khốc liệt từ các nước EU khác Đức có quan hệ thương mại chặt chẽ với các nước EU khác. Hàng hoá từ các nước này được hưởng ưu đãi về thuế quan nhờ các hiệp định thương mại.
Do đó, cạnh tranh khốc liệt từ các nước EU là thách thức lớn với hàng Việt Nam xuất khẩu vào thị trường Đức. Để cạnh tranh được, cần nâng cao chất lượng sản phẩm, bảng giá cước phí hợp lý và dịch vụ hậu mãi tốt.
Rủi ro pháp lý Khi xuất khẩu sang Đức, doanh nghiệp cần tuân thủ nghiêm ngặt các quy định về nhãn mác, xuất xứ, tiêu chuẩn chất lượng…
Vi phạm các quy định này có thể dẫn đến rủi ro pháp lý như:
Hàng bị tịch thu và tiêu hủy ngay tại cửa khẩu Phạt tiền do khai báo sai xuất xứ, nhãn mác Kiện tụng kéo dài vì vi phạm hợp đồng Chính vì vậy, trước khi gửi hàng cần nghiên cứu kỹ các yêu cầu liên quan để đảm bảo tuân thủ.
10 lưu ý để hạn chế rủi ro khi xuất khẩu sang Đức Để hạn chế các rủi ro khi gửi hàng hoá sang Đức, doanh nghiệp nên lưu ý một số vấn đề sau:
Nghiên cứu kỹ thị trường Đức, tìm hiểu nhu cầu và thị hiếu người tiêu dùng Chọn sản phẩm xuất khẩu phù hợp, có lợi thế cạnh tranh Đầu tư nâng cao chất lượng sản phẩm, đáp ứng tiêu chuẩn Đức Chuẩn bị đầy đủ các loại giấy tờ và thủ tục hải quan Tìm hiểu các yêu cầu về nhãn mác, xuất xứ, kiểm dịch… Lựa chọn công ty vận chuyển uy tín, thông tin rõ ràng, có bảo hiểm tốt Đóng gói hàng đi Germany cẩn thận, bảo quản mặt hàng tốt trong quá trình vận chuyển Xây dựng mối quan hệ tốt với đối tác, tìm hiểu văn hóa kinh doanh Chuẩn bị nhân sự am hiểu tiếng Đức và văn hóa Cân nhắc mua bảo hiểm rủi ro thương mại Qua bài viết trên của Helen Express đã chia sẻ cho khách hàng những rủi ro khi chuyển hàng đi Đức và cách hạn chế. Đến với Helen Express chúng tôi sẽ luôn có những chính sách đền bù để giúp khách hàng an tâm vận chuyển hàng hóa. Với 8 năm hoạt động trong lĩnh vực cung cấp dịch vụ gửi hàng nhanh chóng,chúng tôi cam kết hàng sẽ đến nơi đúng thời gian và có những chính sách ưu đãi khi khách hàng lựa chọn chúng tôi làm đơn vị gửi hàng.
1. Những giấy tờ cần thiết khi xuất khẩu hàng hóa sang Đức là gì? Các giấy tờ cần thiết bao gồm: hóa đơn thương mại, vận đơn, giấy chứng nhận xuất xứ, các chứng chỉ kiểm dịch và tiêu chuẩn hàng hóa. Các giấy tờ cần được dịch sang tiếng Đức và công chứng.
2. Mức thuế nhập khẩu vào Đức là bao nhiêu? Mức thuế nhập khẩu vào Đức dao động từ 0-14% tùy vào từng loại hàng hóa. Ngoài ra còn phải chịu thêm 19% thuế VAT.
3. Chi phí vận chuyển hàng hóa từ Việt Nam đi Đức khoảng bao nhiêu? Giá cước gửi hàng bằng đường biển đi Đức khoảng 700 – 1.000 USD/container 20 feet và 1.400 – 2.000 USD/container 40 feet. Đường hàng không khoảng 5-7 USD/kg.
4. Hàng hóa xuất khẩu cần được bảo hiểm những rủi ro nào khi chuyển phát đến Đức? Cần bảo hiểm trách nhiệm, bảo hiểm hàng hóa, bảo hiểm thiệt hại, bảo hiểm trễ chuyến để đề phòng rủi ro thiệt hại, mất mát, chậm trễ.
5. Cần bao lâu để làm thủ tục hải quan khi nhập khẩu hàng vào Đức? Thời gian làm ở hải quan khoảng 1-2 ngày nếu hồ sơ đầy đủ. Nếu thiếu giấy tờ, kiểm tra nghiêm ngặt có thể mất 3-5 ngày để nhận hàng.
Tôi là Hồ Thu Hòa – cố vấn chuyên môn tại Helen Express. Với hơn 20 năm kinh nghiệm trong lĩnh vực logistics và chuỗi cung ứng, tôi tư vấn chiến lược cho các doanh nghiệp về quản lý chuỗi cung ứng, vận tải, kho bãi, hải quan. Với kinh nghiệm và kiến thức chuyên môn sâu rộng, tôi sẽ hỗ trợ các doanh nghiệp tối ưu hóa chi phí logistics, nâng cao năng lực cạnh tranh.