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Văn phòng chính : 131 Nguyễn Minh Hoàng, P.12, Q.Tân Bình, TP.HCM
Định Giá Giá Trị Hàng Gửi Quốc Tế Như Thế Nào? Trong thị trường kinh doanh hiện nay, việc gửi hàng hóa đi quốc tế đã trở thành một nhu cầu thiết yếu của nhiều doanh nghiệp. Tuy nhiên, định giá giá trị hàng gửi quốc tế là một vấn đề phức tạp và rất quan trọng đối với các doanh nghiệp muốn xuất khẩu hàng hóa của mình. Trong bài viết này, Helen Express sẽ giúp bạn hiểu chi tiết hơn về thông tin các loại giá xuất khẩu và cách định giá giá trị hàng hóa như thế nào.
Định giá giá trị hàng gửi quốc tế là gì? Định giá giá trị hàng gửi quốc tế là quá trình xác định giá trị thực của hàng hóa được gửi đi từ một quốc gia sang một quốc gia khác. Quá trình này được thực hiện bằng cách tính toán giá trị của hàng hóa dựa trên các yếu tố như trọng lượng thể tích , kích thước, giá trị thị trường của hàng hóa và các yêu cầu về bảo hiểm. Việc định giá giá trị hàng hóa rất quan trọng trong quá trình vận chuyển hàng hóa quốc tế, giúp đảm bảo tính chính xác và bảo vệ quyền lợi của người nhận và người gửi hàng.
Nếu hàng hóa gặp rủi ro trong quá trình vận chuyển, việc định giá giá trị hàng hóa sẽ giúp xác định được mức đền bù thỏa đáng dựa trên giá trị thực tế của hàng hóa. Khi chuyển phát nhanh quốc tế có thể sử dụng các phương pháp và quy tắc định giá khác nhau. Nhưng việc đảm bảo tính minh bạch và công khai của việc định giá sẽ giúp khách hàng yên tâm và tin tưởng hơn trong quá trình gửi hàng hỏa tốc quốc tế.
Định giá giá trị hàng gửi quốc tế như thế nào? Mỗi công ty dịch vụ chuyển phát nhanh sẽ có những cách định giá giá trị hàng hóa, sản phẩm khác nhau. Tuy nhiên, hầu hết các bên đều định giá dựa trên 2 quy tắc “bất di bất dịch” khi thực hiện các hoạt động giao – nhận một đơn hàng. Cụ thể:
Hai bên thống nhất định giá Những quy định, chính sách về vệc thống nhất định giá giữa bên gửi hàng và bên vận chuyển là một trong những cách đơn giản nhất được áp dụng trong quá trình giao nhận hàng hóa. Thông thường, việc định giá sẽ được hai bên thỏa thuận và ghi vào hợp đồng hoặc phiếu gửi hàng trước khi hàng hóa được gửi đi.
Trong trường hợp xảy ra sự cố như thất lạc, mất cắp, hư hỏng hoặc chậm trễ trong quá trình vận chuyển, bên vận chuyển sẽ căn cứ vào biên bản định giá đã được thỏa thuận trước đó để tiến hành đền bù cho khách hàng. Mức đền bù sẽ phụ thuộc vào mức độ thiệt hại thực tế của hàng hóa và giá trị đã được khai báo trước đó. Việc thống nhất định giá giữa hai bên sẽ giúp đảm bảo tính minh bạch và công khai trong quá trình giao nhận hàng hóa cũng như bảo vệ quyền lợi của người gửi hàng và người nhận hàng.
Định giá hàng hóa theo đặc tính Giá trị của hàng hóa cao hay thấp còn tùy thuộc rất nhiều vào đặc tính của loại hàng gửi đi. Cụ thể:
Những hàng hóa có đặc tính dễ hư hỏng và dễ vỡ như đồ thủy tinh, gốm sứ, tranh,… khi gặp sự cố vận chuyển thường chỉ nhận được giá trị bồi thường ở mức thấp. Do đó, nhiều đơn vị vận chuyển sẽ hạn chế giao nhận loại hàng này hoặc thậm chí từ chối vận chuyển. Các loại hàng hóa dạng lỏng như xăng, dầu, rượu, bia,… thường có nguy cơ gặp rủi ro khi vận chuyển do dễ bị bay hơi, cháy nổ hoặc bị đổ tràn. Các đơn vị vận chuyển chuyên nghiệp và có đủ kinh nghiệm thường có các biện pháp bảo vệ và hạn chế rủi ro trong quá trình vận chuyển. Do đó, hàng hóa dạng lỏng thường được định giá ở mức thấp hơn so với các hàng hóa khác nhưng vẫn được các đơn vị vận chuyển đồng ý giao nhận. Các loại hàng hóa điện tử, hàng có giá trị cao, giấy tờ,… thường là những mặt hàng có giá trị kinh tế lớn và quan trọng đối với người gửi. Do đó, để bảo đảm quyền lợi cho người gửi, các bên vận chuyển thường định giá giá trị của hàng hóa này ở mức cao. Bên cạnh đó, các loại hàng hóa này thường được vận chuyển bằng các phương tiện vận tải nhanh và có các biện pháp bảo vệ đặc biệt để đảm bảo an toàn trong thời gian vận chuyển. Mặc dù việc định giá chỉ dừng lại ở mức tương đối nhưng lại là một yếu tố vô cùng quan trọng để đảm bảo quyền lợi cho người gửi.
Đọc thêm: Bảng Giá Cước Phí Gửi Hàng Qua Bưu Điện Ra Nước Ngoài Tìm hiểu các loại giá xuất khẩu Có nhiều loại giá xuất khẩu, tùy thuộc vào cách thức tính giá và điều kiện thương mại giữa các bên liên quan. Ở mức độ tổng quan, ta có thể liệt kê một số loại giá xuất khẩu trong hóa đơn thương mại như sau:
Giá FOB (Free on Board): Là giá bán hàng hóa của người xuất khẩu, bao gồm chi phí vận chuyển hàng hóa, giấy tờ và các chi phí khác cho đến khi hàng hóa được đưa lên tàu. Tại đây, trách nhiệm và chi phí vận chuyển qua lại giữa người xuất khẩu và người nhập khẩu được phân chia rõ ràng. Giá CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight): Là giá bán hàng hóa của người xuất khẩu, bao gồm chi phí vận chuyển hàng hóa, bảo hiểm và các chi phí khác cho đến khi hàng hóa được đưa đến cảng đến của người nhập khẩu. Tại đây, người xuất khẩu chịu trách nhiệm và chi phí vận chuyển hàng hóa đến cảng đến của người nhập khẩu. Giá CFR (Cost and Freight): Là giá bán hàng hóa của người xuất khẩu, bao gồm chi phí vận chuyển hàng hóa và các chi phí khác cho đến khi hàng hóa được đưa đến cảng đến của người nhập khẩu. Tại đây, người xuất khẩu chịu trách nhiệm và chi phí vận chuyển hàng hóa đến cảng đến của người nhập khẩu, nhưng không bao gồm chi phí bảo hiểm. Giá Ex-Works (EXW): Là giá bán hàng hóa của người xuất khẩu, chỉ bao gồm giá của hàng hóa tại nhà máy hoặc kho của người xuất khẩu, không gồm chi phí vận chuyển, bảo hiểm và các chi phí khác. Ngoài ra, còn có nhiều loại giá xuất khẩu khác tùy thuộc vào thỏa thuận giữa các bên, ví dụ như giá DDP (Delivered Duty Paid), giá DAP (Delivered At Place), giá DDU (Delivered Duty Unpaid),…
Trên đây là những thông tin về định giá giá trị hàng gửi quốc tế chi tiết nhất mà chúng tôi muốn chia sẻ và giới thiệu đến các bạn. Hy vọng với những tin tức trên Helen Express đã giúp bạn hiểu rõ hơn về các yếu tố quy định, định giá giá trị của các nhóm hàng hóa.
Tôi là Hồ Thu Hòa – cố vấn chuyên môn tại Helen Express. Với hơn 20 năm kinh nghiệm trong lĩnh vực logistics và chuỗi cung ứng, tôi tư vấn chiến lược cho các doanh nghiệp về quản lý chuỗi cung ứng, vận tải, kho bãi, hải quan. Với kinh nghiệm và kiến thức chuyên môn sâu rộng, tôi sẽ hỗ trợ các doanh nghiệp tối ưu hóa chi phí logistics, nâng cao năng lực cạnh tranh.