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Văn phòng chính : 131 Nguyễn Minh Hoàng, P.12, Q.Tân Bình, TP.HCM
Kho Ngoại Quan Là Gì? Quy Định Về Hàng Hóa Gửi Kho Ngoại Quan Quy định về hàng hóa gửi kho ngoại quan là một chủ đề quan trọng trong lĩnh vực xuất nhập khẩu và hải quan tại Việt Nam. Việc gửi hàng hóa vào kho ngoại quan đòi hỏi sự chú ý và tuân thủ các quy trình hải quan cụ thể. Điều này giúp tạo điều kiện thuận lợi cho các doanh nghiệp và cá nhân tham gia hoạt động xuất nhập khẩu. Tham khảo bài viết dưới đây của Helen Express để hiểu hơn nhé!
Khái niệm kho ngoại quan Theo khoản 10 Điều 4 Luật Hải quan 2014, kho ngoại quan là khu vực lưu giữ hàng hóa sau khi hoàn tất thủ tục hải quan, sẵn sàng chờ xuất khẩu (XK). Cụ thể, nơi này giữ hàng hóa chờ xuất khẩu ra nước ngoài hoặc nhập khẩu vào Việt Nam từ nước ngoài.
Quy định về hàng hóa gửi kho ngoại quan Điều 85 Nghị định 08/2015/NĐ-CP đã đề ra quy định như sau:
Hàng hóa từ nước ta sau khi hoàn tất thủ tục xuất khẩu và hàng hóa từ nước ngoài đang chờ nhập khẩu hoặc chờ XK sang nước thứ ba, nếu được đối tượng thuê kho ngoại quan, sẽ được đưa vào lưu giữ trong kho ngoại quan.
Những loại hàng hóa được đưa vào kho ngoại quan bao gồm:
Hàng hóa của chủ hàng nước ngoài chưa ký hợp đồng bán hàng cho doanh nghiệp ở nước ta. Hàng hóa của doanh nghiệp Việt Nam nhập khẩu từ nước ngoài, đang chờ đưa vào thị trường trong nước hoặc chờ xuất khẩu sang nước thứ ba. Hàng hóa từ nước ngoài đưa vào kho để chờ xuất khẩu sang nước thứ ba. Ngoài ra, còn có hàng hóa từ nội địa Việt Nam đưa vào kho ngoại quan, gồm:
Hàng hóa xuất khẩu đã hoàn tất thủ tục hải quan và đang chờ xuất khẩu. Hàng hóa đã hết thời hạn tạm nhập và phải tái xuất. Tuy nhiên, không phải loại hàng hóa nào cũng được gửi vào kho ngoại quan. Có một số loại hàng hóa không được phép gửi vào kho ngoại quan, như:
Hàng giả mạo nhãn hiệu hoặc tên gọi xuất xứ Việt Nam. Hàng gây nguy hiểm cho người hoặc ô nhiễm môi trường. Hàng bị cấm xuất khẩu, cấm nhập khẩu, hoặc tạm ngừng xuất khẩu, tạm ngừng nhập khẩu, trừ trường hợp được Thủ tướng Chính phủ cho phép. Ngoài những hàng hóa nêu trên, tùy vào tình hình xuất khẩu, nhập khẩu trong từng thời kỳ, Thủ tướng Chính phủ sẽ quyết định Danh mục hàng hóa nhập khẩu không được gửi vào kho ngoại quan.
Đây là các quy định nhằm bảo vệ lợi ích của người tiêu dùng, bảo vệ môi trường, và đảm bảo an toàn quốc gia.
Những quy định trên không chỉ giúp quản lý hàng xuất nhập khẩu một cách hiệu quả mà còn giúp doanh nghiệp hiểu rõ quy định pháp luật, từ đó hạn chế rủi ro trong hoạt động xuất nhập khẩu hàng hóa, tạo điều kiện thuận lợi cho việc kinh doanh.
Việc tuân thủ đúng quy định về hàng gửi kho ngoại quan không chỉ giúp doanh nghiệp hoạt động an toàn, hiệu quả mà còn góp phần vào sự phát triển bền vững của nền kinh tế nước nhà trong bối cảnh hội nhập quốc tế ngày càng sâu rộng.
Điều kiện, thủ tục về hàng gửi kho bãi ngoại quan Điều kiện Quy định tại điều 85 Nghị định số 08/2015/NĐ-CP đã rõ ràng về các loại hàng hóa gửi kho ngoại quan như sau.
Cụ thể, hàng hóa từ Việt Nam đã hoàn tất thủ tục hải quan xuất khẩu, và hàng hóa từ nước ngoài đang chờ làm thủ tục nhập khẩu vào Việt Nam hoặc chờ xuất khẩu sang nước thứ ba, chỉ được đưa vào lưu giữ trong kho ngoại quan theo quy định tại Khoản 1 Điều 84 Nghị định này.
Hàng hóa từ quốc tế được đưa vô kho ngoại quan bao gồm:
Hàng hóa của chủ hàng nước ngoài chưa ký hợp đồng bán hàng cho doanh nghiệp ở Việt Nam. Hàng hóa của doanh nghiệp Việt Nam nhập khẩu từ nước ngoài, chờ đưa vào thị trường trong nước hoặc chờ xuất khẩu sang nước thứ ba. Hàng hóa từ nước ngoài đưa vào kho ngoại quan để chờ xuất khẩu sang nước thứ ba. Thủ tục Các bước thực hiện việc đưa hàng vào kho ngoại quan bao gồm:
Đối với hàng hóa từ trong hoặc ngoài nước, từ khu phi thuế quan đưa vô kho, chủ hàng hoặc người được chủ hàng ủy quyền phải làm thủ tục nhập kho ngoại quan tại Chi cục Hải quan quản lý kho ngoại quan. Đối với hàng hóa đưa từ kho ngoại quan ra nước ngoài hoặc nội địa, từ các khu phi thuế quan, chủ hàng hoặc người được chủ hàng ủy quyền phải kê khai thông tin hàng hóa xuất kho ngoại quan với Chi cục Hải quan quản lý kho ngoại quan. Trong trường hợp hàng nhập khẩu vào thị trường nước ta, phải làm thủ tục hải quan như đối với hàng hóa nhập khẩu từ nước ngoài theo loại hình nhập khẩu tương ứng. Thời điểm nhập khẩu thực tế hàng hóa là thời điểm cơ quan hải quan xác nhận hàng hóa ra khỏi kho ngoại quan. Hàng hóa thuộc diện buộc phải tái xuất theo quyết định của cơ quan quản lý nhà nước có thẩm quyền thì không được phép nhập khẩu trở lại thị trường Việt Nam. Đối với hàng hóa được vận chuyển từ cửa khẩu nhập đến kho ngoại quan, từ kho ngoại quan đến cửa khẩu xuất, và hàng hóa từ nội địa đưa vô kho. Mọi thủ tục hải quan, kiểm tra, giám sát hải quan đối với hàng hóa xuất, nhập vào kho cũng như việc xử lý hàng hóa tồn đọng, đều sẽ được Bộ trưởng Bộ Tài chính hướng dẫn. Một số quy định về thuê kho ngoại quan Đối tượng được thuê kho ngoại quan Bao gồm:
Tổ chức, cá nhân Việt Nam có quyền kinh doanh xuất nhập khẩu trong các lĩnh vực kinh tế. Tổ chức, cá nhân nước ngoài. Quy định về hợp đồng thuê kho ngoại quan Theo Khoản 2 Điều 84 Nghị định 08/2015/NĐ-CP như sau:
Hợp đồng thuê kho ngoại quan được chủ kho ngoại quan và chủ hàng thỏa thuận theo quy định pháp luật, trừ việc chủ hàng là chủ kho ngoại quan. Thời hạn hiệu lực và thời hạn thuê kho ngoại quan được chủ hàng và chủ kho ngoại quan thỏa thuận trong hợp đồng, nhưng không vượt quá thời hạn lưu giữ hàng hóa tại kho ngoại quan theo quy định tại Khoản 1 Điều 61 Luật Hải quan 2014 như sau: Hàng hóa gửi vô kho ngoại quan được lưu giữ trong thời gian không quá 12 tháng tính từ ngày gửi vào kho. Trường hợp có lý do chính đáng, Cục trưởng Cục Hải quan đang quản lý kho ngoại quan có thể gia hạn một lần nhưng không vượt quá 12 tháng. Nếu vượt quá thời hạn thuê mà chủ hàng hoặc người được ủy quyền không đưa hàng ra khỏi kho ngoại quan hoặc trong thời hạn thuê nhưng có văn bản đề nghị thanh lý, Cục Hải quan sẽ tổ chức thanh lý hàng theo quy định pháp luật. Như vậy, những quy định về hàng hóa gửi kho ngoại quan đóng vai trò quan trọng trong việc quản lý và kiểm soát hàng hóa xuất nhập khẩu tại Việt Nam. Việc tuân thủ chặt chẽ các quy định và thủ tục hải quan khi gửi hàng vào kho ngoại quan là điều cần thiết, đảm bảo tính minh bạch và công bằng trong hoạt động thương mại quốc tế. Đừng quên theo dõi và ủng hộ trang chủ của Helen Express nhiệt tình nhé!
Tôi là Hồ Thu Hòa – cố vấn chuyên môn tại Helen Express. Với hơn 20 năm kinh nghiệm trong lĩnh vực logistics và chuỗi cung ứng, tôi tư vấn chiến lược cho các doanh nghiệp về quản lý chuỗi cung ứng, vận tải, kho bãi, hải quan. Với kinh nghiệm và kiến thức chuyên môn sâu rộng, tôi sẽ hỗ trợ các doanh nghiệp tối ưu hóa chi phí logistics, nâng cao năng lực cạnh tranh.