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Văn phòng chính : 131 Nguyễn Minh Hoàng, P.12, Q.Tân Bình, TP.HCM
Quy định về bảo hiểm hàng hóa quốc tế trong xuất nhập khẩu Quy định về bảo hiểm hàng hóa quốc tế có vai trò quan trọng trong hỗ trợ thương mại quốc tế phát triển. Việc tuân thủ đầy đủ các điều kiện Incoterms và ICC 1982,… sẽ giúp doanh nghiệp giảm thiểu rủi ro, mang lại quá trình vận chuyển an toàn. Nắm vững quy định và lựa chọn gói bảo hiểm phù hợp nhất sẽ đem lại sự an tâm tuyệt đối. Hãy cùng Helen Express tìm hiểu ngay nhé!
Một số quy định về bảo hiểm hàng hóa quốc tế Bảo hiểm hàng hóa quốc tế đóng vai trò quan trọng trong việc thúc đẩy và bảo vệ thương mại quốc tế phát triển bền vững. Nhằm mang lại sự an tâm tối đa, tạo điều kiện thuận lợi cho hoạt động xuất nhập khẩu, các quy định về lĩnh vực này đã được xây dựng kỹ lưỡng và toàn diện.
Cụ thể, những quy định này quy định rõ trách nhiệm và nghĩa vụ của các bên liên quan, đảm bảo quyền lợi cho doanh nghiệp và bảo vệ chắc chắn cho các lô hàng trong mọi tình huống có thể xảy ra.
Các bên tham gia hợp đồng bảo hiểm hàng hóa quốc tế Doanh nghiệp xuất nhập khẩu ký hợp đồng bảo hiểm hàng hóa cho lô hàng của mình để giảm thiểu rủi ro, an toàn vận chuyển. Loại hình bảo hiểm này có sự tham gia của 3 bên chính:
Bên mua bảo hiểm: chủ sở hữu hàng hóa lựa chọn bảo hiểm để bảo vệ tài sản của mình tốt nhất. Bên cung cấp bảo hiểm: công ty cung cấp dịch vụ bảo hiểm và đảm đương trách nhiệm bồi thường, đảm bảo an toàn và uy tín. Bên nhận bồi thường: thường là bên mua, được hỗ trợ kịp thời sau các sự cố có thể xảy ra. Các loại hình bảo hiểm hàng hóa quốc tế phổ biến Có 2 loại hình bảo hiểm hàng hóa quốc tế chính:
Bảo hiểm có điều kiện: Chủ hàng cần chứng minh được nguyên nhân và hoàn cảnh dẫn đến mất mát, thiệt hại thuộc phạm vi bảo hiểm. Điều này giúp quá trình bồi thường diễn ra thuận lợi. Bảo hiểm không điều kiện: Bên bảo hiểm sẽ nhiệt tình bồi thường cho chủ hàng bất kể nguyên nhân dẫn đến thiệt hại. Điều này thể hiện trách nhiệm của bên bảo hiểm. Mỗi loại hình đều có những ưu điểm vượt trội và nhược điểm nhất định. Doanh nghiệp nên cân nhắc thấu đáo để lựa chọn loại phù hợp với đặc thù hàng hóa và hoạt động kinh doanh một cách hiệu quả nhất.
Phạm vi bảo hiểm hàng hóa quốc tế Phạm vi bảo hiểm được quy định cụ thể trong hợp đồng, bao gồm:
Tài sản/hàng hóa được bảo hiểm. Thời gian có hiệu lực của hợp đồng bảo hiểm. Các rủi ro được bảo hiểm như mất mát, hư hạt, chậm trễ giao hàng… Địa điểm hay tuyến đường vận chuyển được bảo hiểm. Giá trị bảo hiểm và hạn mức trách nhiệm của bên tham gia Công ty bảo hiểm xác định điều khoản bảo hiểm phù hợp với loại hàng hóa và tuyến vận chuyển. Giá trị bảo hiểm và trách nhiệm của các bên sẽ được trình bày rõ ràng và minh bạch như sau:
Giá trị bảo hiểm: là mức đền bù tối đa mà bên cung cấp dịch vụ nhiệt tình chi trả để bảo vệ tối đa quyền lợi cho chủ hàng. Hạn mức trách nhiệm: là mức bồi thường cao nhất dành riêng cho từng trường hợp, mang lại sự an tâm tuyệt đối. Giá trị bảo hiểm được xác định dựa trên giá trị thực tế, đảm bảo quyền lợi tối đa cho chủ hàng.
Cách tính và các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến phí bảo hiểm Phí bảo hiểm là khoản chi phí mà bên mua bảo hiểm phải đóng để được bảo vệ trước rủi ro. Mức phí phụ thuộc vào các yếu tố:
Giá trị của hàng hóa: càng có giá trị cao thì phí bảo hiểm càng lớn. Tuyến đường vận chuyển: tuyến đường càng xa và phức tạp thì phí bảo hiểm càng cao. Phương thức vận chuyển: vận chuyển đường biển/hàng không có mức phí khác nhau. Mức độ rủi ro vận chuyển quốc tế : hàng hóa càng dễ hư hỏng thì phí bảo hiểm sẽ cao hơn. Ví dụ : Giá trị hàng hóa là 50.000 USD, vận chuyển bằng đường biển từ Việt Nam sang Châu Âu . Hợp đồng bảo hiểm áp dụng mức phí 2% trên giá trị bảo hiểm. Như vậy phí bảo hiểm là:
50.000 USD x 2% = 1.000 USD
Thủ tục yêu cầu bồi thường bảo hiểm hàng hóa Sự kiện rủi ro xảy ra trong quá trình vận chuyển thì chủ hàng hóa sẽ đòi bồi thường theo giấy chứng nhận bảo hiểm. Khi xảy ra sự cố dẫn đến thiệt hại hàng hóa, bạn cần gửi các giấy tờ sau cho bên bảo hiểm để yêu cầu bồi thường:
Giấy chứng nhận bảo hiểm. Giấy yêu cầu bồi thường thiệt hại. Biên bản mô tả chi tiết vụ việc và thiệt hại xảy ra. Hợp đồng bảo hiểm và các chứng từ liên quan. Các bằng chứng về nguyên nhân và mức độ thiệt hại. Sau khi xác minh, bên bảo hiểm sẽ chi trả bồi thường theo đúng quy định trong hợp đồng đã ký.
Lợi ích của việc mua bảo hiểm hàng hóa quốc tế Một số lợi ích chính khi mua bảo hiểm hàng hóa quốc tế bao gồm:
Bảo vệ tài chính cho doanh nghiệp trước các rủi ro thiệt hại. Có nguồn tài chính ổn định để phục hồi sau sự cố. Tăng uy tín và sự tin tưởng của đối tác khi giao dịch. Giảm thiểu rủi ro trong kinh doanh xuất nhập khẩu. Có thể thương lượng giảm phí vận chuyển với các hãng tàu, hãng vận tải. Quy trình bồi thường đơn giản, nhanh chóng hơn so với khởi kiện ra tòa. Các trường hợp loại trừ bảo hiểm hàng hóa quốc tế Một số trường hợp, mặt hàng cấm bảo hiểm bao gồm:
Hàng hóa bị tịch thu hoặc trưng dụng theo lệnh chính phủ. Thiệt hại do hành động cố ý gây ra của bên mua bảo hiểm. Hàng hóa không đóng gói đúng quy cách khi vận chuyển. Mất mát tự nhiên trong quá trình vận chuyển thông thường. Thiệt hại xảy ra ngoài phạm vi bảo hiểm về không gian và thời gian. Các rủi ro chiến tranh, khủng bố, đình công trừ khi có thêm điều khoản mở rộng. Do đó, khi mua bảo hiểm cần đọc kỹ điều khoản bảo hiểm để đảm bảo không bỏ sót các rủi ro cần bảo hiểm.
Lưu ý khi mua bảo hiểm hàng hóa xuất nhập khẩu Để mua được gói bảo hiểm hàng hóa phù hợp, chủ hàng cần lưu ý:
Cung cấp đầy đủ thông tin về hàng hóa, kiểm tra hàng hóa xuất nhập khẩu, tuyến đường vận chuyển để được hỗ trợ dịch vụ tư vấn bảo hiểm hàng hóa. Đảm bảo giá trị bảo hiểm phải lớn hơn hoặc bằng giá trị thực tế của hàng hóa. Cân nhắc kỹ mức khấu trừ phù hợp với khả năng tài chính. Kiểm tra kỹ các điều khoản loại trừ trong hợp đồng. Chọn công ty bảo hiểm hàng hóa uy tín, có kinh nghiệm trong lĩnh vực bảo hiểm hàng hóa. Một số câu hỏi liên quan Cần mua bảo hiểm gì khi xuất khẩu hàng nông sản? Khi xuất khẩu hàng nông sản, bạn cần mua gói bảo hiểm hàng hóa vận chuyển quốc tế ưu việt. Loại bảo hiểm này bảo đảm an toàn cho các rủi ro có thể xảy ra trong quá trình vận chuyển hàng hóa an toàn từ nơi gửi đến nơi nhận, bao gồm:Hư hỏng, mất mát do ảnh hưởng của thời tiết cực đoan, tai nạn v.v…Hư hỏng, mất mát do hành động của bên thứ baHư hỏng, mất mát do sai sót của đơn vị vận chuyển.Ngoài ra, bạn cũng có thể mua thêm bảo hiểm kho bãi nếu hàng hóa cần được bảo quản an toàn tại cảng hay kho ở nước ngoài.
Phải đóng phí bảo hiểm bao nhiêu cho mỗi lô hàng? Phí bảo hiểm hàng hóa quốc tế được tính dựa trên các yếu tố sau:Giá trị hàng hóaLoại hình bảo hiểmTuyến vận chuyểnĐiều khoản bảo hiểm
Làm thế nào để chứng minh sự kiện rủi ro xảy ra? Khi xảy ra sự kiện rủi ro, bạn cần cung cấp các chứng từ sau cho công ty bảo hiểm để chứng minh sự kiện rủi ro xảy ra:Giấy chứng nhận bảo hiểmHóa đơn mua hàngBiên bản kiểm đếm hàng hóaBiên bản giám định hàng hóaBiên bản xác nhận của cơ quan chức năng
Thời gian giải quyết yêu cầu bồi thường thường mất bao lâu? Thời gian giải quyết yêu cầu bồi thường bảo hiểm hàng hóa quốc tế thường mất khoảng 30-60 ngày làm việc. Tuy nhiên, mỗi công ty đều nỗ lực để đẩy nhanh thời gian xử lý, phù hợp với tình huống cụ thể nhằm mang lại sự hài lòng nhất cho khách hàng.
Có thể khiếu nại nếu không đồng ý với quyết định của công ty bảo hiểm không? Nếu bạn không đồng ý với quyết định của công ty bảo hiểm, bạn có thể khiếu nại lên cơ quan quản lý bảo hiểm. Cơ quan quản lý bảo hiểm sẽ xem xét và giải quyết khiếu nại của bạn theo quy định.
Như vậy, với những thông tin quy định về bảo hiểm hàng hóa quốc tế đã chia sẻ ở trên, hy vọng, các doanh nghiệp xuất nhập khẩu có thể chủ động lựa chọn phương án bảo hiểm phù hợp. Với nhiều năm hoạt động trong lĩnh vực vận chuyển hàng quốc tế tại Việt Nam, đội ngũ nhân viên chuyên nghiệp, chu đáo, Helen Express chúng tôi sẵn sàng hỗ trợ giải đáp mọi thắc mắc của khách hàng 24/7. Hãy liên ngay qua số hotline 0932.86.5859.
Tôi là Hồ Thu Hòa – cố vấn chuyên môn tại Helen Express. Với hơn 20 năm kinh nghiệm trong lĩnh vực logistics và chuỗi cung ứng, tôi tư vấn chiến lược cho các doanh nghiệp về quản lý chuỗi cung ứng, vận tải, kho bãi, hải quan. Với kinh nghiệm và kiến thức chuyên môn sâu rộng, tôi sẽ hỗ trợ các doanh nghiệp tối ưu hóa chi phí logistics, nâng cao năng lực cạnh tranh.