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Văn phòng chính : 131 Nguyễn Minh Hoàng, P.12, Q.Tân Bình, TP.HCM
Mẫu tải vận đơn Master bill & House bill: cách phân biệt Trong giao nhận hàng hóa đường biển, Master bill và House bill là hai thuật ngữ được sử dụng phổ biến. Tuy nhiên không phải ai cũng hiểu rõ về hai loại vận đơn này và vẫn nhầm lẫn giữa chúng. Trong bài viết dưới đây, Helen Express sẽ chia sẻ chi tiết thông tin về Master bill & House bill, cách phân biệt và mẫu vận đơn mới nhất - FREE DOWNLOAD! Khám phá ngay nhé!
Master bill là gì? Đặc điểm chi tiết
Master bill (viết tắt là MBL hoặc MB/L) là loại vận đơn trong đó hãng tàu phát hành cho người gửi hàng (shipper) - chính là bạn khi book trực tiếp với hãng tàu. Trên Master bill sẽ có logo hãng tàu, tên công ty, số điện thoại và địa chỉ văn phòng của hãng tàu để bạn nhận biết.
Mỗi một lô hàng gửi chỉ phát hành một MBL, có nhiều liên (nội dung giống nhau). Nếu như lô hàng được vận chuyển và phát hành master bill bởi hãng hàng không thì sẽ kí hiệu là MAWB để phân biệt.
House bill là gì? Đặc điểm chi tiết
House bill (viết tắt là HBL hoặc HB/L) là loại vận đơn phát hành bởi đại lý vận chuyển (Forwarder) khi bạn không gửi hàng trực tiếp với hãng tàu. Khi này hãng tàu sẽ phát hành Master bill cho Forwarder và Forwarder sẽ phát hành House bill cho bạn. Trên House bill sẽ có logo, tên, số điện thoại và địa chỉ văn phòng của công ty Forwarder để bạn nhận biết.
House bill còn được gọi là vận đơn thứ cấp. Nếu House bill được phát hành bởi đại lý hãng hàng không thì sẽ kí hiệu là HAWB để phân biệt.
Master bill và House bill khác gì nhau? So sánh cụ thể Để giúp bạn hiểu rõ hơn về Master bill và house bill, chúng ta sẽ phân tích điểm giống và khác giữa hai loại vận đơn này dưới đây:
Điểm giống nhau Về điểm giống nhau, cả Master bill và House bill đều là vận đơn sử dụng phổ biến trong vận tải đường biển, đều có thể làm được original bill và surrender bill, seaway bill.
Điểm khác nhau giữa Master bill và House bill Về điểm khác nhau, chúng ta sẽ thấy rõ trong bảng dưới đây:
Tiêu chí
Master bill
House bill
Bên phát hành
Hãng tàu
Đại lý forwarder
Đối tượng nhận phát hành
Ngưởi gửi hàng trực tiếp hoặc đại lý forwarder
Người gửi hàng làm việc với forwarder
Khả năng chỉnh sửa
Rất khó chỉnh sửa
Dễ chỉnh sửa
Các quy tắc
Chịu tác động của quy tắc quốc tế như Hague, Hamburg
Không chịu tác động của quy tắc Hague, Hamburg
Rủi ro
Ít rủi ro bởi đơn vị phát hành thường là các hãng tàu - đơn vị đủ uy tín - có thể kiện hãng tàu để đòi quyền lợi nếu có rủi ro
Rủi ro hơn vì giới hạn bởi trách nhiệm của đại lý forwarder,
Thông tin nhận biết
Thông tin của hãng tàu trên vận đơn
Thông tin của forwarder trên vận đơn
Nơi nhận hàng
Cảng đến (Port)
Kho của đại lý forwarder
Mẫu tải vận đơn Master bill & House bill PDF - Free Download Helen Express tổng hợp mẫu vận đơn Master bill và House bill để giúp bạn có thể dễ dàng phân biệt, hiểu rõ hơn về từng vận đơn và thuận lợi nhất trong công việc.
Free Download file PDF ngay tại đây !
Một số lưu ý về House bill và Master bill
Trên thực tế, không phải lúc nào cũng tồn tại đồng thời House bill và Master bill. Nhưng cũng có những trường hợp tồn tại 1 Master bill và nhiều House bill:
Khi chủ hàng làm việc trực tiếp với hàng tàu thì sẽ chỉ có Master bill.
Trong trường hợp hàng ghép container (LCL) thì hay xảy ra 1 forwarder gom hàng lẻ (consolidator) sẽ phát hành HBL cho mỗi lô hàng họ gom, và 1 forwarder khác nhận 1 hàng và chỉ cấp 1 HBL cho lô hàng mà mình nhận vận chuyển. Khi này sẽ xuất hiện nhiều B/L (thường gọi là Bill nối), và nhiều D/O (hay được gọi là lệnh nối).
Hoặc trường hợp đại lý forwarder gom nhiều lô hàng từ nhiều chủ hàng khác nhau để đi chung 1 chuyến tàu. Khi này họ sẽ phát hành mỗi HBL cho mỗi chủ hàng tương ứng nhưng chỉ làm 1 MBL với hãng tàu (để tiết kiệm chi phí).
Câu hỏi thường gặp Master bill khác gì với Ocean bill of lading? Master bill và Ocean bill of lading là giống nhau. Các vận đơn này đều được hãng tàu/đơn vị vận chuyển phát hành cho người gửi hàng trực tiếp hoặc đại lý forwarder.
Có thể tự tạo bill of lading cho riêng mình không? Câu trả lời là có. Đối với các lô hàng nhỏ bạn hoàn toàn có thể tự tạo vận đơn cho riêng mình. Tuy nhiên bạn cần đảm bảo đầy đủ các thông tin của một vận đơn chuẩn để đáp ứng được các yêu cầu giấy tờ khi giao nhận hàng.
Vận đơn nội địa (inland bill of lading) khác gì vận đơn đường biển (ocean bill of lading)? Điểm khác biệt chính của hai loại vận đơn này là tính áp dụng. Vận đơn nội địa áp dụng cho các chuyến hàng nội địa hoặc khu vực chủ yếu liên quan đến vận tải đường bộ. Trong khi đó, vận đơn đường biển được sử dụng cho các chuyến hàng quốc tế được vận chuyển bằng đường biển.
Qua bài viết, Helen Express đã cung cấp thông tin chi tiết so sánh giữa Master bill và House bill. Hy vọng với các thông tin trên, bạn đọc đã hiểu rõ về từng loại vận đơn và phân biệt được chúng. Đừng quên tải mẫu vận đơn Master bill & House bill để sử dụng khi cần nhé. Đừng quên theo dõi website https://helenexpress.com/ để cập nhật thêm nhiều kiến thức hữu ích về logistics, xuất nhập khẩu và các thông tin liên quan!
Helen Express (Công ty TNHH Vận Chuyển Helen Express) là đơn vị hàng đầu trong lĩnh vực Vận Chuyển Quốc Tế và Chuyển Phát Nhanh từ Việt Nam đến Mỹ, Úc, Canada và nhiều quốc gia khác. Với vai trò là đại lý thu gom cho các công ty chuyển phát nhanh quốc tế uy tín, Helen Express hoạt động theo phương thức “Door to Door” tại Việt Nam, đảm bảo dịch vụ “Nhanh chóng - Chính xác - An toàn - Tiết kiệm.”
Với đội ngũ nhân viên giàu kinh nghiệm của chúng tôi luôn đảm bảo thủ tục đơn giản, giao hàng đúng thời gian, giúp khách hàng hoàn toàn yên tâm khi sử dụng dịch vụ. Helen Express tự hào là đối tác đáng tin cậy cho mọi nhu cầu vận chuyển quốc tế của bạn.
THÔNG TIN LIÊN HỆ:
Địa chỉ trụ sở: 131 Nguyễn Minh Hoàng, P. 12, Q. Tân Bình, TP. HCM Website: https://helenexpress.com/ Hotline: 0938 320 357 Email: info@helenexpress.com
Ngọc Anh là một content writer với 3 năm kinh nghiệm trong ngành xuất nhập khẩu. Chuyên viết về các chủ đề liên quan đến xuất nhập khẩu, logistics, và thương mại quốc tế, Ngọc Anh có khả năng biến những thông tin phức tạp thành nội dung dễ hiểu và hấp dẫn. Với sự am hiểu sâu rộng về quy trình xuất nhập khẩu và các quy định pháp lý liên quan, Ngọc Anh không chỉ cung cấp thông tin chính xác mà còn mang đến những góc nhìn mới mẻ và chiến lược cho người đọc. Sự tỉ mỉ và sáng tạo trong công việc đã giúp Ngọc Anh xây dựng được uy tín và tạo ra những bài viết chất lượng cao, hỗ trợ doanh nghiệp phát triển bền vững trên thị trường quốc tế.
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