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left: 50%; width: 70px; height: 70px; padding: 10px; border-radius: 50%; position: absolute; transform: translate(-50%, -50%); background: rgba(250, 250, 255, 0.6); } .app-loader .loading { width: 50px; height: 50px; border-radius: 100%; display: inline-block; border: solid 2px var(--ws-color-primary); border-top-color: var(--ws-color-second); } @media screen and (max-width: 1200px) { .wrapper { max-width: 100%; padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px; } } @media screen and (max-width: 992px) { .wrapper { padding-left: 15px; padding-right: 15px; } } @media screen and (max-width: 767px) { .wrapper { padding-left: 15px; padding-right: 15px; } } @media screen and (max-width: 480px) { } @media screen and (max-width: 360px) { }
Văn phòng chính : 131 Nguyễn Minh Hoàng, P.12, Q.Tân Bình, TP.HCM
Tổng hợp và phân loại container trong logistics chi tiết nhất Container là công cụ không thể thiếu trong ngành logistics, được sử dụng làm thùng chứa hàng hóa. Vậy container có bao nhiêu loại? Bài viết sau Helen Express sẽ giới thiệu với bạn cách phân loại container, kích thước container và một số thông tin cần lưu ý trên container. Tìm hiểu ngay nhé!
Các phương pháp phân loại container trong logistics Hiện có rất nhiều container khác nhau tùy theo cách phân loại, cụ thể như sau:
Phân loại container theo tải trọng và kích thước Phân loại container theo tải trọng và kích thước Các loại container được phân loại dựa trên khả năng chịu tải và kích thước của chúng. Có ba loại chính là:
Container nhỏ: Loại này có tải trọng khoảng 5 tấn và dung tích dưới 3m³, thích hợp cho việc vận chuyển các loại hàng hóa nhỏ hoặc số lượng ít. Container trung bình: Có trọng lượng dưới 8 tấn và dung tích dưới 10m³. Loại này thường được sử dụng cho các mặt hàng không quá nặng nhưng có kích thước trung bình. Container lớn: Với trọng lượng trên 10 tấn và dung tích hơn 10m³, loại container này được thiết kế để chở hàng hóa có khối lượng lớn hoặc kích thước lớn, như máy móc hoặc thiết bị công nghiệp. Phân loại container theo kết cấu Phân loại container theo kết cấu Container có thể được phân loại theo cấu trúc vật lý của chúng, bao gồm:
Container kín (Closed Container): Được thiết kế hoàn toàn kín, thích hợp cho việc bảo quản hàng hóa nhạy cảm với thời tiết. Container mở (Open Container): Có phần trên mở, thuận tiện cho việc xếp dỡ hàng hóa quá khổ. Container khung (Frame Container): Khung bên ngoài chắc chắn, phù hợp để vận chuyển máy móc hoặc hàng hóa nặng. Container gấp (Tilt Container): Có thể gấp lại khi không sử dụng, giúp tiết kiệm không gian lưu kho. Container phẳng (Flat Container): Không có thành và nóc, thích hợp cho hàng hóa dài như thép hoặc gỗ. Container có bánh (Rolling Container): Thiết kế với bánh lăn giúp dễ dàng di chuyển trong kho bãi hoặc cảng. Phân loại container theo chức năng chứa hàng Phân loại container theo chức năng chứa hàng Theo phương pháp này, container gồm những loại sau:
Tiêu chuẩn phân loại
Mô tả
Container chở hàng bách hóa
Gồm các loại container kín với nhiều tùy chọn cửa mở, như cửa ở đầu, hai bên hoặc nóc. Có thể có lỗ thông hơi để thông gió. Phù hợp cho hàng hóa đóng gói, không yêu cầu nhiệt độ đặc biệt.
Container chở hàng rời (Dry Bulk Container)
Chuyên dùng để chở các loại hàng rời như cát, hạt nhựa, lúa gạo. Có miệng trên nóc để đóng hàng và cửa để dỡ hàng. Khả năng chống nước và khí không cao do thiết kế nhiều cửa.
Container bảo ôn/nóng/lạnh (Reefer Container)
Giữ nhiệt độ ổn định để chứa hàng cần bảo quản như rau quả, thực phẩm đông lạnh. Cấu trúc cách nhiệt và có hệ thống làm lạnh tích hợp. Thể tích chứa hàng thường nhỏ hơn container khác.
Container thùng chứa (Tank Container)
Được thiết kế để chứa các loại hàng lỏng như dầu, hóa chất. Có thể lắp thêm hệ thống giữ nhiệt để ổn định nhiệt độ. Dựa trên khung container tiêu chuẩn 20ft, 40ft hoặc 45ft.
Container đặc biệt (Special Container)
Bao gồm container chở gia súc, cần thiết kế với ngăn chuồng phân cách. Việc vệ sinh phải được đảm bảo để tránh lây lan dịch bệnh.
Kích thước container phổ biến Trong logistics, container được tiêu chuẩn hóa để phù hợp với các loại phương tiện vận chuyển và đáp ứng nhu cầu lưu trữ hàng hóa. Dưới đây là các kích thước container phổ biến nhất:
Container 20 feet: Đây là loại container nhỏ gọn với chiều dài khoảng 6,06m, chiều rộng 2,44m và chiều cao 2,59m. Loại này phù hợp để chở hàng hóa nhỏ gọn, hàng hóa nặng, hoặc hàng hóa cần vận chuyển đến các khu vực có không gian hạn chế. Container 40 feet: Với chiều dài lên tới 12,19m, cùng chiều rộng 2,44m và chiều cao 2,59m, loại container này thường được sử dụng cho hàng hóa có khối lượng lớn hoặc số lượng nhiều. So với container 20 feet, dung tích của container 40 feet gần như gấp đôi, cho phép chứa được nhiều hàng hóa hơn trong một chuyến vận chuyển. Container 45 feet: Đây là loại container lớn nhất trong nhóm phổ biến, với chiều dài 13,72m, chiều rộng 2,50m và chiều cao 2,90m. Được thiết kế để chứa những lô hàng cồng kềnh, container 45 feet mang lại sự linh hoạt và tối ưu trong việc tận dụng không gian, đặc biệt là đối với các hàng hóa cần nhiều diện tích hoặc có kích thước vượt trội. Một số thông tin quan trọng trên container Một số thông tin quan trọng trên container Container là phương tiện thiết yếu trong vận chuyển hàng hóa, và việc hiểu rõ thông tin trên container là rất cần thiết để đảm bảo quá trình khai thác hiệu quả. Dưới đây là một số thông tin chính trên container mà bạn cần lưu ý:
Mã chủ sở hữu (Owner Code): Mã này bao gồm ba chữ cái viết hoa được đăng ký và thống nhất với cơ quan đăng kiểm quốc tế, giúp xác định chủ sở hữu của container. Mã này có thể được đăng ký thông qua các cơ quan quốc gia hoặc trực tiếp tại Cục Container Quốc tế (BIC).
Ký hiệu loại thiết bị: Ký hiệu này cho biết loại container đang sử dụng:
U: Container chở hàng (freight container). J: Thiết bị có thể tháo rời của container chở hàng. Z: Đầu kéo hoặc mooc. Số container (Serial Number): Đây là số duy nhất được chủ sở hữu container đặt ra, bao gồm 6 chữ số. Nếu số không đủ 6 chữ số, người ta sẽ thêm chữ số 0 vào trước số đầu tiên.
Chữ số kiểm tra (Check Digit): Đây là chữ số đứng sau, dùng để kiểm tra tính chính xác của chuỗi ký tự trước đó.
Thông số kỹ thuật: Trên vỏ container có các thông số như:
Max. Gross: Tải trọng tối đa của container (kg). Tare: Tải trọng vỏ container không có hàng hóa (kg). Max. Cargo: Tải trọng hàng tối đa được phép đóng hàng vào container (kg). Cu. Cap: Thể tích chứa hàng tối đa (mét khối). Các loại container phổ biến ở thị trường Việt Nam Các loại container phổ biến ở thị trường Việt Nam Tại Việt Nam, các doanh nghiệp thường sử dụng nhiều loại container khác nhau tùy thuộc vào nhu cầu vận chuyển hàng hóa. Dưới đây là 7 loại container phổ biến:
Container 20 Thường (Dry Container): Loại container này được sử dụng phổ biến nhất, chuyên dùng để chứa các hàng hóa nặng như gạo, bột, thép và xi măng. Container 20 Cao (High Container): Có chiều cao lớn hơn 0,3m so với container thường, nhưng công dụng và chức năng tương tự. Loại này ít được ưa chuộng do có thể thay thế bằng những loại khác. Container 20 Open Top và Container 40 Open Top: Không có nóc, được che phủ bằng bạt, chuyên chở hàng hóa có chiều cao lớn hoặc cần bốc dỡ theo chiều thẳng đứng. Container 20 lạnh (Reefer Container) và Container 40 lạnh: Dùng để bảo quản hàng hóa ở nhiệt độ thấp. Container lạnh có thiết bị làm lạnh và cách nhiệt tốt hơn, tuy nhiên chi phí lưu trữ loại này cao. Container 20 Flat Rack và Container 40 Flat Rack: Được sử dụng để chở hàng quá khổ, không có mái và vách. Container 40 Flat Rack thích hợp cho hàng dài hơn 6m. Container 40 ft khô: Có thể tích gấp đôi container 20, thích hợp cho hàng hóa nhẹ như dệt may và nội thất. Container 40 Cao (High Cube Container): Thể tích và chiều cao lớn, cho phép chứa nhiều loại hàng hóa cao. Loại này rất được ưa chuộng do giá cước gần giống với container 40 thường. Trên đây là các phương pháp phân loại container, kích thước container và những loại container phổ biến tại Việt Nam. Hy vọng bài viết đã cung cấp cho bạn nhiều thông tin bổ ích. Nếu có bất kỳ thắc mắc nào liên quan đến chủ đề này, đừng ngần ngại liên hệ với Helen Express để được hỗ trợ nhanh chóng nhé!
Helen Express (Công ty TNHH Vận Chuyển Helen Express) là đơn vị hàng đầu trong lĩnh vực Vận Chuyển Quốc Tế và Chuyển Phát Nhanh từ Việt Nam đến Mỹ, Úc, Canada và nhiều quốc gia khác. Với vai trò là đại lý thu gom cho các công ty chuyển phát nhanh quốc tế uy tín, Helen Express hoạt động theo phương thức “Door to Door” tại Việt Nam, đảm bảo dịch vụ “Nhanh chóng - Chính xác - An toàn - Tiết kiệm.”
Với đội ngũ nhân viên giàu kinh nghiệm của chúng tôi luôn đảm bảo thủ tục đơn giản, giao hàng đúng thời gian, giúp khách hàng hoàn toàn yên tâm khi sử dụng dịch vụ. Helen Express tự hào là đối tác đáng tin cậy cho mọi nhu cầu vận chuyển quốc tế của bạn.
THÔNG TIN LIÊN HỆ:
Địa chỉ trụ sở: 131 Nguyễn Minh Hoàng, P. 12, Q. Tân Bình, TP. HCM Website: https://helenexpress.com/ Hotline: 0938 320 357 Email: info@helenexpress.com Tôi tên là Võ Thành Tú (Thành Tú Võ), hiện tôi đã có 5 năm kinh nghiệm với vị trí nhân viên kinh doanh tại Helen Express. Tôi tốt nghiệp Đại học Hàng hải Việt Nam chuyên ngành Logistics và Quản lý chuỗi cung ứng. Với kiến thức chuyên môn về logistics và kinh nghiệm thực tế, tôi có thể đưa ra các giải pháp tối ưu cho khách hàng về thời gian vận chuyển, chi phí, thủ tục hải quan, bảo hiểm hàng hóa,…. Tôi luôn lắng nghe nhu cầu của khách hàng để đề xuất dịch vụ phù hợp và hiệu quả nhất.