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Văn phòng chính : 131 Nguyễn Minh Hoàng, P.12, Q.Tân Bình, TP.HCM
Phương thức thanh toán TT và TTR là gì? Phân biệt tránh nhầm lẫn Phương thức thanh toán TT và TTR là hai phương thức thanh toán quốc tế phổ biến. Tuy nhiên không phải ai cũng hiểu rõ về hai phương thức này và thường nhầm lẫn giữa chúng. Trong bài viết dưới đây, Helen Express sẽ làm rõ về khái niệm, quy trình thanh toán và giúp bạn đọc phân biệt hai phương thức thanh toán TT và TTR. Cùng tìm hiểu ngay!
Phương thức thanh toán TT và TTR là gì? Phương thức thanh toán TT là gì?
Phương thức thanh toán TT (Telegraphic Transfer – chuyển tiền bằng điện) là phương thức thanh toán quốc tế mà người mua sẽ chuyển tiền cho người bán thông qua ngân hàng. Thời gian người bán nhận được tiền thường từ 1-2 ngày. Phương thức thanh toán TT hoạt động độc lập và không phụ thuộc vào phương thức thanh toán nào khác.
Phương thức thanh toán TTR là gì? Phương thức thanh toán TTR (Telegraphic Transfer Reimbursement – chuyển tiền bằng điện có bồi hoàn) là phương thức thanh toán quốc tế được sử dụng phổ biến trong thanh toán L/C (Thanh toán thư tín dụng) trong đó:
Ngân hàng của người mua (ngân hàng thụ hưởng) sẽ chuyển tiền cho ngân hàng của người bán (ngân hàng thanh toán) theo chỉ thị của người mua.
Ngân hàng thanh toán sẽ bồi hoàn số tiền đã chuyển cho người bán sau khi nhận được đầy đủ bộ chứng từ theo quy định của L/C từ người mua. Ngân hàng sẽ tiến hành quyết toán trong vòng 3 ngày sau khi đồng ý với yêu cầu thanh toán.
Phân biệt phương thức thanh toán TT và TTR Cả phương thức thanh toán TT và TTR đều là phương thức thanh toán quốc tế bằng điện trả tiền, tuy nhiên có sự khác biệt về bản chất:
Phương thức thanh toán TT thì người mua sẽ ra ngân hàng để làm hồ sơ và chuyển tiền cho người bán, người bán sẽ nhận được tiền sau 1-2 ngày làm. Trong khi đó với phương thức thanh toán TTR, ngân hàng mở L/C chỉ đồng ý quyết toán khi nhân viên xuất nhập khẩu cung cấp đầy đủ bộ chứng từ theo quy định. Ngân hàng sẽ quyết toán trong thời gian 3 ngày từ khi được L/C công nhận.
Ưu nhược điểm của phương thức thanh toán TT và TTR Ưu nhược điểm của phương thức thanh toán TT
Phương thức thanh toán TT có ưu điểm:
Quy trình đơn giản.
Chi phí rẻ hơn so với hình thức thanh toán truyền thống như L/C.
Bên mua không cần ký quỹ LC, không bị đọng vốn.
Chứng từ thanh toán cũng đơn giản hơn, không phức tạp như thanh toán LC.
Tuy nhiên, phương thức thanh toán này cũng có một số nhược điểm như:
Người mua cần có thiện chí, quyền lợi của bên xuất khẩu sẽ không được đảm bảo chắc chắn.
Quá trình trả tiền hoàn toàn phụ thuộc vào sự tin tưởng của các bên.
Thời gian chậm và có thể bị rủi ro vì tỷ giá.
Bên nhập khẩu thanh toán chậm hoặc không nhận hàng thì sẽ rất rủi ro cho bên xuất khẩu.
Ưu nhược điểm của phương thức thanh toán TTR Phương thức thanh toán TTR có ưu điểm:
Thanh toán nhanh chóng: Phương thức TTR cho phép chuyển tiền nhanh, chỉ cần bên nhập khẩu gửi lệnh thanh toán, số tiền có thể được chuyển trong vòng 1 ngày làm việc.
Tiết kiệm chi phí: Giao dịch được thực hiện qua hệ thống thanh toán điện tử, giúp tiết kiệm chi phí so với các phương thức truyền thống.
Tuy nhiên, phương thức thanh toán TTR có hạn chế là rất khó khăn trong việc chỉnh sửa nếu có sai sót xảy ra.
Quy trình thanh toán TT và TTR
Hai hình thức thanh toán tuy khác nhau về bản chất nhưng quy trình thanh toán thì tương tự nhau, cụ thể như sau:
Bước 1: Bên xuất khẩu gửi hàng và bộ chứng từ hàng hóa cho bên nhập khẩu.
Bước 2: Bên nhập khẩu kiểm tra hàng hóa hoặc bộ chứng từ. Nếu phù hợp với yêu cầu và thỏa thuận, họ sẽ thực hiện thủ tục chuyển tiền qua ngân hàng.
Bước 3: Ngân hàng chuyển tiền tiến hành thủ tục chuyển khoản qua ngân hàng đại lý hoặc chi nhánh – ngân hàng thanh toán.
Bước 4: Ngân hàng thanh toán thực hiện chi trả cho người thụ hưởng.
Lưu ý cần nắm khi thanh toán TT và TTR Với phương thức thanh toán TTR trả sau, bên nhập khẩu chỉ tiến hành thanh toán sau khi đã nhận đầy đủ hàng hóa cùng bộ chứng từ gốc và tờ khai hải quan.
Bên xuất khẩu có trách nhiệm sao y bộ chứng từ gốc thành một bản khác, đồng thời gửi kèm lệnh chuyển tiền và chuyển lại cho ngân hàng để thực hiện thanh toán qua chuyển khoản.
Bên mua cần đảm bảo tài khoản có đủ số dư để thanh toán theo hóa đơn thương mại.
Sau khi hoàn tất thủ tục thanh toán bằng TT và TTR, cần lưu giữ lệnh chuyển tiền và điện chuyển tiền có dấu mộc của ngân hàng kèm theo bộ chứng từ gốc để tránh phát sinh vấn đề sau này.
Một số câu hỏi thưởng gặp TT sử dụng trong L/C khi nào? TT sử dụng trong L/C khi:
Trường hợp thứ nhất: Ngân hàng phát hành L/C thực hiện thanh toán cho bên xuất khẩu khi nhận được điện đòi tiền, với điều kiện bộ chứng từ phải được xác minh hợp lệ. Trong trường hợp này, nhà xuất khẩu sẽ không lựa chọn chiết khấu bộ chứng từ.
Trường hợp thứ hai: Ngân hàng phát hành L/C chấp nhận thanh toán cho ngân hàng chiết khấu, với điều kiện bộ chứng từ được cung cấp đầy đủ và ngân hàng chiết khấu cũng gửi điện đòi tiền. Khi đó, nhà xuất khẩu sẽ lựa chọn chiết khấu truy đòi bộ chứng từ.
TT trở thành TTR khi nào? Trong một số trường hợp, TT trở thành TTR và được sử dụng trong L/C khi: Ngân hàng phát hành L/C sẽ thanh toán cho ngân hàng chiết khấu ngay khi nhận được điện đòi tiền từ phía ngân hàng chiết khấu, mà không cần xác minh chứng từ đã được gửi đến hay chưa. Trong trường hợp này, nhà xuất khẩu lựa chọn chiết khấu miễn truy đòi bộ chứng từ.
TTR trả trước và TTR trả sau khác gì nhau? TTR trả trước và TTR trả sau là hai hình thức của phương thức thanh toán TTR. Hai hình thức này có điểm khác biệt trong quy trình:
Với thanh toán TTR trả trước, ngân hàng của người mua sẽ tiến hành thanh toán cho ngân hàng của người bán, ngân hàng của người bán thông báo với người bán rằng họ đã nhận được tiền từ người mua, sau đó người bán tiến hành giao hàng và các chứng từ liên quan cho người bán.
Với thanh toán TTR trả sau, người bán sẽ bàn giao hàng hóa và các chứng từ liên quan cho người mua trước, sau đó người mua thông báo cho ngân hàng của mình để chuyển tiền cho ngân hàng của người bán. Ngân hàng của người bán sẽ thông báo lại cho người bán rằng đã nhận được tiền từ người mua.
Qua bài viết, Helen Express đã giúp bạn hiểu rõ về Phương thức thanh toán TT và TTR, ưu nhược điểm và sự khác biệt về bản chất của hai hình thức thanh toán này. Hy vọng với những thông tin cung cấp trong bài viết bạn đã hiểu rõ và áp dụng thành thạo từng phương thức thanh toán trong các trường hợp cụ thể. Đừng quên theo dõi website https://helenexpress.com/ để cập nhật thêm nhiều kiến thức hữu ích về logistics, xuất nhập khẩu và các thông tin liên quan!
Helen Express (Công ty TNHH Vận Chuyển Helen Express) là đơn vị hàng đầu trong lĩnh vực Vận Chuyển Quốc Tế và Chuyển Phát Nhanh từ Việt Nam đến Mỹ, Úc, Canada và nhiều quốc gia khác. Với vai trò là đại lý thu gom cho các công ty chuyển phát nhanh quốc tế uy tín, Helen Express hoạt động theo phương thức “Door to Door” tại Việt Nam, đảm bảo dịch vụ “Nhanh chóng - Chính xác - An toàn - Tiết kiệm.”
Với đội ngũ nhân viên giàu kinh nghiệm của chúng tôi luôn đảm bảo thủ tục đơn giản, giao hàng đúng thời gian, giúp khách hàng hoàn toàn yên tâm khi sử dụng dịch vụ. Helen Express tự hào là đối tác đáng tin cậy cho mọi nhu cầu vận chuyển quốc tế của bạn.
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Ngọc Anh là một content writer với 3 năm kinh nghiệm trong ngành xuất nhập khẩu. Chuyên viết về các chủ đề liên quan đến xuất nhập khẩu, logistics, và thương mại quốc tế, Ngọc Anh có khả năng biến những thông tin phức tạp thành nội dung dễ hiểu và hấp dẫn. Với sự am hiểu sâu rộng về quy trình xuất nhập khẩu và các quy định pháp lý liên quan, Ngọc Anh không chỉ cung cấp thông tin chính xác mà còn mang đến những góc nhìn mới mẻ và chiến lược cho người đọc. Sự tỉ mỉ và sáng tạo trong công việc đã giúp Ngọc Anh xây dựng được uy tín và tạo ra những bài viết chất lượng cao, hỗ trợ doanh nghiệp phát triển bền vững trên thị trường quốc tế.
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